最新版方法

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//定义权限请求启动器
private val requestPermissionLauncher=registerForActivityResult(
        ActivityResultContracts.RequestPermission()
    ){   isGranted->
        if(isGranted){
            init()
        }else{
            Toast.makeText(requireContext(), "需要录音权限才能进行对话", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
        }

    }
//检查并触发
     override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState)
        //检查权限
        checkSelfPermission()
    }
//获取权限
    private fun checkSelfPermission(){
        when{
            ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(requireContext(), Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)== PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED->{
                init()
            }
            else->{
                requestPermissionLauncher.launch(Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)
            }
        }
    }

传统方法

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// 检查权限
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)
    != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
) {
    // 请求权限
    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, arrayOf(Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO), 100)
} else {
    init()
}

// 重写结果回调
override fun onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode: Int, permissions: Array<out String>, grantResults: IntArray) {
    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults)
    if (requestCode == 100) {
        if (grantResults.isNotEmpty() && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            init()
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(this, "需要录音权限才能进行对话", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
        }
    }
}